ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Many potential causative factors are related to the initiation and progression of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The aim of this research was to investigate the etiology and clinical features of osteonecrosis of the femoral head in Chinese patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 1990 to July 2011, 643 cases of osteonecrosis of the femoral head were investigated retrospectively to analyze the potential causative factors, age, gender, latency period, time from the onset of pain to diagnosis, and Association Research Circulation Osseous stage.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 643 cases, 315 cases were bilateral and 328 cases were unilateral, with an average age of (47.55 ± 15.27) years. In the steroid-induced group, the average age at symptom onset was (41.80 ± 15.47) years, and the median duration from taking steroid to the onset of pain was 36 months. The underlying diseases in the steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head group consisted of autoimmune and other diseases, of which systemic lupus erythematosus was the most common. In the alcohol-induced group, the average age at onset of symptoms was (48.06 ± 11.90) years and the median time of habitual alcohol use was 240 months. In the traumatic group, the average age was (51.43 ± 14.23) years and the median time from trauma to the onset of pain was 20 months. In the idiopathic group, the average age was (50.33 ± 15.88) years. Of the total of 958 hips, 647 were at stage III or IV. The stage at diagnosis was earlier in the steroid-induced group than in the alcohol-induced, traumatic, or idiopathic groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Steroid use is the most common cause for osteonecrosis of the femoral head in this study. The age at diagnosis, time from the onset of pain to diagnosis, and stage were significantly earlier in the steroid-induced group.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Femur Head Necrosis , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess whether HTR1A and HTR1B polymorphisms are associated with the predisposition, gender, PUMC Classification and/or severity of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rs6294 (HTR1A) and rs6296 (HTR1B) were genotyped in 103 AIS patients treated from January 2006 to March 2007, and 108 controls with matched gender and age. The data were analyzed by the allelic and genotypic association analysis, and the genotype-phenotype (gender, PUMC Classification, and Cobb angle) association analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The distributions of the alleles of all the 2 SNPs met Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the controls (goodness-of-fit chi(2) test, P > 0.05). The allele A of rs6294 was related with the occurrence of AIS (P = 0.041), but differences of the allele frequencies of rs6296 and the genotype frequencies of both SNPs between 2 groups had no statistical significance (P > 0.05). The genotype A/A + A/G of rs6294 was associated with AIS PUMC type III, and there was no other positive results in genotype-phenotype association analysis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These results suggest that HTR1A may be a predisposition gene of AIS PUMC type III, and PUMC Classification may has its genetic basis.</p>